Introduction to Self-Determination Theory Coursera Final Exam Quiz Answers | An approach to motivation, development and wellness Coursera Quiz Answers
Module 3
Total - 24 Questions
Question 1. Within-person variations in wellness refers
to:
(A) The difference in overall well-being between
two given individuals.
(B) An individual’s own fluctuations
in well-being over time and across contexts
(C) The relative increase in basic need
satisfaction and overall wellness that occurs across the lifespan.
(D) The
difference between self-reported well-being and more objective measures of
well-being.
Question 2. In their study of daily well-being and need
satisfaction among college students, Reis, Sheldon, Gable, Roscoe, & Ryan
(2000) found all of the following EXCEPT:
(A) An increase in positive affect between Friday
and Sunday evening.
(B) Fewer experiences of choice and connectedness
during the week than on the weekend.
(C) Greater negative affect during the week than
on the weekend.
(D) Greater satisfaction of all three basic needs Monday through Friday
Question 3. SDT work on the “weekend effect” suggests
that:
(A) The weekend effect is largely driven by the
lack of support for autonomy and relatedness needs in the workplace.
(B) The weekend effect is only evident for positive and
negative affect. Measures of other indices of well-being like vitality and
physical symptoms do not fluctuate in the same manner.
(C) The fact that most people have less work to do
on the weekend accounts for the increases well-being evidenced on the weekend.
(D) All workers are subject to
the weekend effect
Question 4. According to SDT, which of the following
strategies would be most effective in mitigating (reducing) the weekend effect?
(A) Shifting to different work schedule so that
time off of work doesn’t always fall on the weekend.
(B) Finding more need-fulfilling hobbies to engage
in on the weekend.
(C) Including more opportunities to
connect meaningfully with co-workers during regular work hours.
(D) All of the above strategies would be equally effective.
Question 5. Within SDT the phrase “all goals are not
created equal” refers to research demonstrating that:
(A) Some goals are much easier to achieve than
others.
(B) Some goals are more in-line with
psychological need satisfaction than others.
(C) Some people are better prepared to achieve
their goals than others.
(D) Achieving
extrinsic goals always increases well-being.
Question 6. Kasser & Ryan’s work on “The dark side of
the American dream” suggests that:
(A) Aristotle was wrong about eudaimonia.
(B) The more emphasis people place on financial
success the more likely they are to do well financially.
(C) Most Americans are not pursuing their personal
goals.
(D) American culture emphasizes materialism, image, and wealth as important
to happiness and success, but even if we achieve them we are unlikely to
experience well-being benefits.
Question 7. Grouzet, Kasser, & colleagues (2005)
examined the structure of goal contents across 15 different cultures. Results
of their study indicate that:
(A) The structure of intrinsic relative to
extrinsic goals was similar across the cultures examined.
(B) The impact of pursuing extrinsic goals on
well-being depends on the person’s cultural background.
(C) Eastern countries emphasized extrinsic goals
more than western countries did.
(D) Americans are unique in
their emphasis on wealth and fame
Question 8. According to SDT, achieving which of the
following goals would be most likely to relate to greater well-being?
(A) Being considered the most attractive person in
your friend group.
(B) Obtaining a six-figure income.
(C) Developing a meaningful
relationship.
(D) Achieving
any of these goals is likely to increase well-being.
Question 9. Kasser & Ryan’s (2001) study of attainment
for intrinsic goals and extrinsic goals found that:
(A) Achievement was only related to greater
well-being when it was related to a specific goal set by the individual.
(B) Achieving intrinsic and extrinsic goals had an
additive effect on well-being.
(C) Only attainment of intrinsic goals
was related to greater well-being.
(D) Achievement
of any kind was related to greater well-being.
Question 10. Niemic, Ryan, & Deci’s (2009)
longitudinal study of college students’ life goal pursuits indicated that:
(A) Extrinsic goals are more difficult to obtain
than intrinsic goals.
(B) Attaining extrinsic goals was related to
greater well-being, but unrelated to symptoms of ill-being (e.g., depression,
anxiety).
(C) Attaining extrinsic goals was
unrelated to well-being, but predicted greater symptoms of ill-being (e.g., depression,
anxiety).
(D) Both of
the first two answers are correct.
Question 11. Sheldon & Krieger (2014) examined income
and well-being among different types of lawyers. Results of their study suggest
that:
(A) Although “money lawyers” made more money than “social
advocacy lawyers” the two types were, on average, equally stressed and unhappy.
(B) “Money lawyers” were much more stressed out
and unhappy than “social advocacy lawyers” because they were working longer
hours.
(C) Well-being was higher among the
“social advocacy lawyers” (compared to the “money lawyers”) because they were
more likely to be working on things that were intrinsically important and
interesting to them.
(D) “Money
lawyers” were happier and less stressed than “social advocacy lawyers” because
their higher income allowed them to maximize psychological need satisfaction in
other areas of their lives.
Question 12. Van Hiel and VanSteenkiste (2009) conducted a
study on the effects of obtaining different types of goals on well-being and
attitudes toward death among two cohorts of older adults Results of this study
suggest that:
(A) Attainment of intrinsic aspirations was
related to greater well-being, ego integrity, and less depression, but was not
related to acceptance of or anxiety about death.
(B) Attaining intrinsic aspirations
is related to greater well-being, ego integrity, and death acceptance and also
to less despair, depressive symptoms and death anxiety.
(C) Extrinsic goal attainment strongly predicts
lower well-being and greater depression.
(D) Extrinsic goal
attainment was not significantly related to any of the outcomes of interest.
Question 13. Which of the following is NOT an example of
why extrinsic goals are associated with lower well-being?
(A) Lawyers who focus on the goal of making money
reported experiencing less autonomy on a day-to-day basis.
(B) People who are focused on their image or fame
are more competitive and engage in more social comparison, which interferes
with meeting relatedness needs.
(C) Because extrinsic goals are often pursued to
compensate for already low self-worth.
(D) Those who are most likely to pursue extrinsic aspirations already have
the least material wealth and status and therefore already have low well-being.
Question 14. Results of Kasser, Ryan, Zax, and Sameroff’s
(1995) longitudinal study of adolescents’ values and well-being indicate that:
(A) Mothers (in particular) who were more
controlling and cold had children who focused more on materialistic goals and
values and displayed more symptoms of psychopathology and internal distress.
(B) Having a cold, controlling mother only led to
well-being deficits among adolescents who failed to achieve their extrinsic
goals.
(C) Mothers who were controlling and cold had
children who displayed more symptoms of psychopathology and internal distress,
but this was unrelated to the types of aspirations their children held.
(D) Having a cold, controlling
mother only led to well-being deficits among adolescents who actually achieved
their extrinsic goals
Question 15. Which of the following statements best
characterizes the trajectory of extrinsic goal endorsement in the U.S. over the
past 70 years?
(A) Increasing wealth on average has led to less
extrinsic goal adoption as there is less need to focus on attaining money for
survival.
(B) People are increasingly inundated
with cultural and media messages that emphasize the importance of material
wealth, possessions, and image as the path to happiness. This has led to an
increasing endorsement of extrinsic aspirations.
(C) The level of endorsement of extrinsic
aspirations has been relatively stable over time. Media messages just make it
seem like people are more focused on extrinsic aspirations so that they can
sell more products.
(D) The
endorsement of extrinsic goals has been increasing slowly over time, but at a
much slower rate than the endorsement of intrinsic goals which has been
increasing rapidly over the past 70 years as technology opens up opportunities
for social connection.
Question 16. Which of the following statements best
describes the role of awareness in the experience of autonomy?
(A) Autonomy and awareness are not explicitly
linked within SDT
(B) Awareness is the foundation for
autonomous functioning as it is essential to being able to make congruent
choices.
(C) Because the experience of autonomy is a
largely automatic process, awareness is not an essential ingredient to its
experience.
(D) Awareness
is critical, as autonomy requires sustained, focused attention to be
experienced.
Question 17. Brown and Ryan (2003) found that mindfulness
moderated the relation between implicit and explicit reports of how they feel,
indicating that:
(A) For people high in mindfulness there is no
correlation between implicit and explicit assessments of affect, whereas for
people low in mindfulness there is a significant positive correlation.
(B) The relation between implicit and explicit
reports was stronger for participants low in mindfulness.
(C) For people high in mindfulness there
is a strong, positive correlation between implicit and explicit assessments of
affect, whereas for people low in mindfulness this correlation is actually
negative.
(D) For people
high in mindfulness there is a strong, negative correlation between implicit
and explicit assessments of affect, whereas for people low in mindfulness this
correlation is weak, but positive.
Question 18. Brown and Ryan (2003) found that autonomy and
mindfulness were related in which of the following ways:
(A) People who have higher trait level mindfulness
report experiencing greater autonomy
(B) In moments where state mindfulness is high
people tend to experience greater autonomy
(C) Both of the answers above are
correct
(D) None of
the above are correct; although mindfulness is related to well-being, it does
not directly relate to the experience of autonomy.
Question 19. SDT research examining the relation between
mindfulness and stress suggests all of the following EXCEPT:
(A) Mindfulness can lead people to suffer less in
stressful, controlling environments because it can help them to let go of and
not dwell on negative and stressful experiences.
(B) People who are high in trait mindfulness
evidence more active, approach oriented coping styles compared to people low in
mindfulness.
(C) When mindfulness is high, the same event is
likely to be experienced as less stressful.
(D) In some circumstances mindfulness can actually increase stress because
it makes people more aware of the stressful, negative aspects of the situation.
Question 20. Which of the following is NOT a reason for
SDT researcher’s interest in studying vitality?
(A) Because vitality is an indicator of well-being
that is only impacted by psychological (but not physical) factors
(B) It is a variable on which people can easily
and accurately self-report
(C) It is a central variable in well-being
(D) It is one of the strongest
predictor of other mental and physical indicators of well-being.
Question 21. In their study of vitality, Ryan &
Frederick (1997) examined the factors that raise and lower vitality. Results of
this study indicate that:
(A) Participants in the autonomy support condition
reported greater vitality than those in the control condition
(B) While vitality varies greatly between
individuals, it is relatively stable within individuals over time.
(C) Vitality was greater among those participants
that received positive feedback (compared to those who received negative
feedback or no feedback at all).
(D) Regardless of whether
participants were in the autonomy support or control condition, those who
successfully completed the task experienced increases in vitality.
Question 22. Gagne, Ryan, & Bergman (2003) conducted a
study on the vitality of gymnasts. Results of this study indicated that:
(A) Autonomy support, but not satisfaction of
relatedness and competence needs, was associated with greater vitality.
(B) Gymnasts who experienced greater
satisfaction of their basic needs reported increasing vitality over the course
of the training session.
(C) The more disciplined gymnasts reported greater
vitality.
(D) Vitality
decreased for all gymnasts over the course of a training session as they became
fatigued.
Question 23. According to the classic literature on
ego-depletion:
(A) All self-regulatory acts are draining to
vitality
(B) Only controlled, or extrinsically motivation
actions are depleting of vitality.
(C) Whether a task depletes vitality depends on
how involved the person’s ego is involved in that task.
(D) Only volitional acts
deplete vitality as it takes energy to exercise free will.
Question 24. SDT researchers have found the exposure to
nature to have which of the following effects:
(A) One must be in a relatively remote, pristine
place like a forest or beach to experience the benefits of nature on vitality.
(B) Being outside or around plants is
associated with greater vitality and generosity.
(C) The impact of being outside on vitality is due
to the fact that people are more physically active outdoors than they are
indoors.
(D) Exposure
to nature is associated with greater vitality, but only when the weather is
good.
Introduction to Self-Determination Theory Coursera Final Exam Quiz Answers | An approach to motivation, development and wellness Coursera Quiz Answers
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